1
A farmer observes that his crops are wilting despite adequate watering. Upon investigation, he notices that the root hairs are fewer and shorter than usual. Which function of root hair cells is likely impaired, and what tissue is primarily responsible for this function? 2marks
2
During a dissection of a plant stem, a student observes that the pith region, which stores food, is made up of cells that are loosely packed and have thin walls. Which type of simple permanent tissue is present in the pith? 1mark
3
A gardener is trying to grow a hedge and finds that it doesn't grow bushy after pruning. The gardener regularly trims the hedge to maintain its shape. Which type of meristematic tissue is essential for the bushy growth of the hedge, and what is its typical location in a plant stem? 3marks
4
Assertion: Xylem vessels are considered ‘dead’ tissue, yet they are crucial for water transport. Reason: The thick lignified walls of xylem vessels provide mechanical strength to the plant, preventing them from collapsing under the pressure of water movement. 2marks(i) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).(ii) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).(iii) (A) is true, but (R) is false.(iv) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
5
A child falls and scrapes their knee. The wound bleeds, and after some time, a clot forms. Which component of the blood is primarily responsible for forming this clot and preventing excessive blood loss? 1mark
6
A student is studying the internal structure of a plant stem and observes cells arranged in a ring with unevenly thickened corners, providing flexibility to the stem. What type of tissue is this, and what is its primary function? 2marks
7
A patient suffers from a severe fracture of the femur. The doctor explains that the bone needs to be strengthened and supported. Which specific component of the bone matrix is responsible for its hardness and rigidity? 1mark
8
A researcher is studying the effect of different tissues on plant growth. They observe that a specific tissue, when actively dividing and arranged in a ring along the circumference of a stem, leads to an increase in the stem's diameter.(i) Identify the meristematic tissue described.(ii) Name the region where this tissue is located in the stem. 3marks
9
During exercise, your heart beats faster to supply more oxygen to your muscles. Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for the continuous and rhythmic beating of the heart without fatigue? 1mark
10
A young tree is planted. Over time, it grows taller and its trunk thickens.(i) Which meristematic tissue is responsible for the increase in the height of the tree?(ii) Which meristematic tissue is responsible for the increase in the girth of the tree? 2marks
11
A food stall owner uses banana leaves to serve food. The leaves are flexible and do not break easily, even when folded. Which tissue in the leaf veins provides this flexibility? 1mark
12
Assertion: Nervous tissue is crucial for rapid communication within the body. Reason: Neurons are specialized cells that can receive, process, and transmit electrochemical signals over long distances. 2marks(i) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).(ii) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).(iii) (A) is true, but (R) is false.(iv) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
13
A person experiences a sprain while playing. The doctor explains that a ligament has been stretched or torn. What is the primary function of ligaments in the musculoskeletal system? 1mark
14
A scientist is investigating plant growth and finds that cutting the tips of the roots of a seedling prevents further elongation. However, the stem continues to grow in length. Which type of meristematic tissue is primarily responsible for root elongation, and what might be the reason for the stem's continued growth despite the root tip removal? 3marks
15
In a classroom demonstration, a teacher asks students to observe the movement of food from the leaves to other parts of the plant. Which complex permanent tissue is responsible for this transport? 1mark
16
A doctor examines a patient with difficulty in breathing. The examination reveals that the rib cage movement is restricted. Which vital organs are protected by the rib cage, and what is the role of the flexible connection of the ribs to the sternum during breathing? 3marks
17
A student is examining a cross-section of a plant stem under a microscope and identifies a tissue composed of living cells with thin walls and intercellular spaces, primarily involved in food storage. Identify this simple permanent tissue. 1mark
18
Assertion: Animal cells lack a rigid cell wall, allowing for greater flexibility. Reason: This flexibility enables animal cells to change shape, which is essential for functions like locomotion. 2marks(i) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).(ii) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).(iii) (A) is true, but (R) is false.(iv) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
19
A gardener notices that after pruning a rose bush, new branches emerge from the nodes. Which type of meristematic tissue is responsible for this new branch formation? 1mark
20
A mountaineer is climbing a high peak. At high altitudes, the atmospheric pressure is low, and the air has less oxygen. The mountaineer's body responds by increasing the rate of breathing and heart rate to deliver more oxygen to the tissues. Which tissue plays a vital role in coordinating these physiological responses? 2marks
Answers
1
The function of root hair cells is the absorption of water and minerals from the soil. The tissue primarily responsible for this function is the epidermis (specifically, the epidermal cells modified into root hairs). The impairment of root hairs would hinder water and mineral absorption.
2
The tissue present in the pith, described as loosely packed with thin walls and involved in food storage, is Parenchyma.
3
The intercalary meristem is essential for the bushy growth of the hedge by enabling new branch formation. It is typically located at the base of internodes or just above the nodes.
4
(i) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
5
Platelets are the components of blood primarily responsible for forming a clot at the site of injury.
6
The tissue described is Collenchyma. Its primary function is to provide support and flexibility to plant parts like stems and tendrils, allowing them to bend without breaking.
7
The specific component of the bone matrix responsible for its hardness and rigidity is the presence of calcium and phosphorus compounds.
8
(i) The meristematic tissue described, which increases the stem's diameter, is the Lateral meristem.(ii) This tissue is located along the circumference of stems.
9
Cardiac muscle tissue is responsible for the continuous and rhythmic beating of the heart without fatigue.
10
(i) The Apical meristem is responsible for the increase in the height of the tree.(ii) The Lateral meristem is responsible for the increase in the girth of the tree.
11
The tissue responsible for the flexibility of the leaf veins and petioles is Collenchyma.
12
(i) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
13
The primary function of ligaments is to connect bone to bone, providing stability to joints and preventing excessive movement or dislocation.
14
(i) The meristematic tissue primarily responsible for root elongation is the Apical meristem. The stem might continue to grow due to the presence of the shoot apical meristem, which is separate from the root tip.
15
The complex permanent tissue responsible for the transport of food from leaves to other parts of the plant is Phloem.
16
The vital organs protected by the rib cage are the heart and lungs. The flexible connection of the ribs to the sternum via cartilage allows the rib cage to expand and contract during breathing, increasing and decreasing chest volume to facilitate air movement.
17
The simple permanent tissue identified is Parenchyma.
18
(i) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
19
The Intercalary meristem is responsible for the new branch formation at the nodes of the rose bush after pruning.
20
The Nervous tissue plays a vital role in coordinating physiological responses like increased breathing and heart rate by transmitting signals from the brain to the respective organs.
